Wednesday, March 17, 2010

ZOGAL ! Ka thang e...

~ Hausienmuan Munluo

Akeng ua kol bul,kalkhat kaan[one step] suan thei lou dia bol,akhut ua kol bul in Bishnupur phaizang leh Phaipi[Imphal] kikal ah singnou suan ua,suun nisa nuai a,na asep zou chiang un Phaipi thong inn ah zaan hun mang in mangkangte sua in pang uhi.Mangkangte gen bang bang in ham lou phunlou in Zogal salpha ten bawl in,anam leh amite khual nan thua uhi. Zogal lai in Mangkangten "muntuam tuam ah galmat te khumna thawng-inn[concentration camp] Ningel,Tengnoupal,Mombi,Nungba leh adang dang te ah bawl ua,Hausa lian[leading chief`s] te Imphal jail ah koi uhi.[Administrative report,Manipur 1918-1919.P:7]

Zo Galkapte panmun:
Mângkâng uhpite’n France tuipi gâl (Ist WW) dou dîngin nawthaw thu leh thagum zang in Zo te ahing kaisawm zieh un Zogam zalênna a amaute hing kithuneisah uh chi in Zote’n Mangkângte tung ah gâl ahing bawl uh a Mângkâng gâlkâpte tampi athat uh a abei tadongun adou sawm uh hi. Zogâl lâi a Zo te ana panna munte uh akithei deuteng: -Sugnu, Gotengkot, Hiengtam, Buhsâu, Behieng, Muollum,Singngat, Mongken,Tonzang chite ahi.

Suongkul/thong kete:
Pu.Tawnghau Munluo 2. Pu.Henkham Tawtah 3. Pu Lagou Mântuong 4. Pu Lampum Tungdim 5. PuGoulun Mânlun 6. Pu Suonkham Samte 8. Pu. Suohgou Munluo 9. Pu Salet Âhgâl 10. Pu. Heltawng Mate.
Dougal pallaw ka zuo leh tun aw, Na von hanlung ka chiemna hi e, Hanlung chiem ing, Lalhen in thang ing, Khomuol hanzaila ka sah hi e. Giel ing e, thelna nuoi ah zaal ing e, Muoldung tângtawn sakâmkei bangin Lungtup khomuol ah suo’ng, Han zaidei tawi ing e. Chi`n Pu. Suahgou , in la na at/giel hi.Tam sannemla te khangthua dia reference hoima ma na sua in written record ban a zahthei umsun sua hi.

Thong inn sung ah:Pu.Tonghau leh Pu.Lagou in nisa guanuai a kolbul a lam azawt hun un a inn lum uh ngai ding ua,anu le pa gel ding ua, azi atate khotua ding uhi,koi nu le pa ngai lou aum diai?Imphal jail a ava umna un;Pu.Tonghau;zou hausa teng tang a mat a um leh Pu.Lagou;Zou mipi teng tang a mat aum ahi sulang hi. Tam galbawlna ah Pu.Tonghau in mapui a Lagou gal lamkai[C-in-c] in pang hi. "tam helna[uprising of 1917-1919]Britist ten Assam state[present North-east India] sung a meiteite tiger Tikendrajit[Uprising of tikendrajit]ban a gal buai huai pen leh hasa pen in chiamte uhi".[Reid,R;History of the area bordering on Assam,Shillong 1942,P;29] ‘sat khe mai ding ahgaw chiang toh’

Zousuante hei apat hing pem uh;

Mautam kial umsan lai,mipite genthei tah a akhosah lai un mangkang ten "inn suan ah House tax[khasana]kumkhat adin Rs.3/ khon ua,singtang miteng in kumkhat in Rs.70,000/ na pia uhi"[resolution by Assam admn. No,8856.P;27th]Tam agenthei na ua pat asuatat na ding un leh potpuahna abeina din hangsantah in zogal na kap uhi.Gal zia in agentheina uh kibe a, tam gal bei na din hausate melmate khut a akipia khiat ngai hi.Pu.Tonghau leh Pu.Lagou ten ahinna u phal ngam in mangkangte khut ah na kipe khia ua Imphal jail ah na um uhi.Apu apa ten sim tual apat ana satsa agam atul ding phal lou uhi. 1800 A.D in Simtual Suangzang apat in tam anuai ateng lamkaih in na pem uhi[1].Pu.Sumlun Manlun.[2].Pu.Letkhup Munluo.[3]Pu.Tutzachin Mantuang.[4]Pu.Gouzuan totah.[5].Pu.inghen Munluo.[6]Pu.Tuanglet Manlun.[7]Pu.Onthang Munluo.[8]Pu.Langon Munluo.Tamteng lamkaih a Simtual suangzang khua apat na pem ua;Singngat khua ana sat uh ahi.Tua leh Pu.Sumlun Manlun hausa in siam ua,Pu.Sumlun si in PU.Letkhup in hausa pua a,Singhen in pua kia a,Pu.Singhen si in atapa Pu.Tonghau in hausa pua hi.Tua hunlai 1917 in Tonghau in amite mangkang te na kap pi hi.[Upa.M.K Thomas,chief of singngat] "tuizum mangkang kil bang hingkhang"*

Mangkang galsat 5400 leh zosalpha bangzat …?

Zogal um "[uprising of 1917-1919] in mangkang galkap[British troops]mi 2400 val uhi,kol sepaih leh Burma military Police te toh mi 5400 va uhi"[Shakespear opcit, p;29]Zou galkap mi bang zat ahi uh;theibu hinonlou hi.Singngat khua ah mi 22 in zogal na kap uhi.[1]Pu.Tonghau Munluo Hausapa.[2]Pu.Lagou Mantuang gallamkai pa.[3]Tv.Hangchin Totah[July issue 2006 in Munluo ka chi a,Totah hi zawahi]. Simmothang, Amthang, Onthang, Goichin, Somthong, Khamgou, Dongthang, Gougin, Huatgou, Khailun, Lianson, Tutzachin, Vungthang, Hemkham,Khamdal,Letkhokam,Lunzachin,Letkam,Kamkeleng[?]Behiang leh Hiangtam ah mi bangzat ahi uh thugu kiphual bang in aum in,salpha manghil[forgotten heroes] asua siang ding uh abang hi.Tongzang khua ah zong kikap tua na um a,kulhbangte kho in sou in dimsah uhi[stockades with thorn].Tonzang pasalte galsiam in hangsan uhi.Tongzang numeiten pasal te toh gal nasat khawm in tam in Tongzang kulpi detsah mama hi.Tonzang Manipur adia Zoukhua kumlui pen loi ahi in,Pasalte na tha hat un lungpi mama uh..Tongzang numeite zou numei dia na noi tungtuang un na pa mama zel uhi. "Kanaan phaizol Sharon pa hoi,tanglai Rom miten ana suh siat sa,muikhua zing e,sim hing zing e.."

Tambang lawm a mangkang sepaih mi 2400 valte ana dou ngam uh;a zogal satuh lungneu zia leh mawlzia hilou ding hi,awl awl a na kipan simmona zia a hasiatna apat in muthei hi.Manipur adminisration report,1912-1915 in mautam kial lai[1912-1915] in mangkang ten panpi na apia dan tambang in a gen hi."Manipur sang in Lushei hills ah panpi na sum le pai,bu le bal tam zaw a" Manipur phaijang sang in singtang gam ki nel sia zaw hi.Tam in zong ahasiat nanguh na bol pia ta hi.1917 a potpo dinga mi akhop un mangkang ten aut lou ding uh thei in tam bang in na gen uhi ‘If we use force to compel them to do what they had no intention of doing,they will also use force against us;[Shakespere,opcit P;29].Agintat bang un Zouten na kap ngam pai hi. "ngalliam vontoi ka zaulou lai e.."*

Zou numeite maw um lou:

Gaal kipat in numei te zong duai sam lou uhi.Pi.Khupching lungtang bang pua in pasal te dingna ah nading ua,hangsantah in gal ah na pang uhi.Numei ten tuibuahna/Gawkem sunal ua mangkang te tuidawn ding a; ahing pei chiang un na sawn pua ua; tua chin pasal ten that zel uhi.Numeite thautang thauvui suhna ah pang ua,sou bawl leh phan in zong pang in,tuithei te ah thautang leh thauvuite apua uhi.Shakespere kichipan ipute aki vengna uh[defence] tambang in gen hi "kulbangte khaw in sou in dim sah ua,namsau thau leh thalte zang in pumpi te bawl uhi"chin gen hi.Pumpi* a curious form of leather cannon made from a buffaloes hide,rolled into a compact tube and tightly bound with a strips of leather.[Shakespere,opcit;p:225] "lalka nawnan ka namtem sansi in zel e".*

Zogal banghun a bei e..?

Zogal kap 1917 in kipan a,1918 in kikaptuahna bei hi.Kikaptuahna bei nanleh Zogal bei kichinai lou hi.1918 in Zou hausateng tang in mangkangten Pu.Tonghau Munluo,chief of Singngat man in,Pu.Lagou Mantuang Singngat zong Zou mipi teng tang in man in;Imphal jail ah singtangmi hausa lien[leading chiefs]teng toh na khum uhi.Atangpi in hausate kum 5-15 tan suangkul a um din thu tankhum uhi,hinanleh kumkhat zou 1919 in hakhia uhi.1919 Pu.Tonghau leh Pu.Lagou Imphal jail apat ahing pawt uh;Singngat ahing tung kia un Zou mipi teng in na vaidawn ua,Sialtal tongsu khat leh Vohtal tuh 5 khat that in,nithum sung poina bolpi hial uhi.A lutang gel dim in tutpal/tutpah atuun/siat sah[TAZEN]uhi,tualeh ahnel zong awsah in um uhi.Tam poibolna ah zogalbei in phuan in um hi.Zogal salpha mithumte Pu.Tonghau Hausapa,Pu.Lagou,leh Tv.Hangchin ten ahnel na awh ua,Tonghau leh Lagou in Tutpal/tutpah na nga uhi.Pu.Kamkeleng zong anam ittna zal a ahinna pia manghil ahisih hi.

THUKHUPSITNA:

Thadou ten Thadou gal kimtah in nagel zouta uhi,amauten 1975lai lang in MA,M.phil,degree thesis paper in na zang thei ta uhi.Enzong zogal tanchinte kimtah in sut in gel lei itu ita ten degree thesis paper in hing zang thei ding uhi,tualeh i na thangpi uh ipu/pate zogal sat kepbitna zong hiding hi.

Tua leh Khangthu eima ni dei dan a gielthei ahisih hi,Tam toh kisai mipil khat Historian dih tah ten abawl dia dei huai tam anaui a ka hing talang hi, "I would bluntly say that no matter how deep we try to reseacrh on the"History of ZOs, we do not have a very long history. And our history is never so clear as there seems to be no written records. Therefore, most historians rely on the writings and opinion theories of the British or the earlier writers as references to their reasons. But i say neither of them reflects the true History. All of them are in one point or another just trying to prove their opinions and reasons.A true historian does not have a say or put forward their opinions on theinformation that they have found. And a Historian does not imagine and build up stories. History is meant to reflect the past, no matter how ugly it may be. Worst are people who distort History"Richard Lienno Reporter Mizzima News .

Tam atung a poimo: Mahni khua ahei ahilou leh mahni behpa suh minthang sawm zia a tangthu dih(History) Giel ding ahi sih.I khangthu uh sia in hoi taleh zumpi um lou a thudih gel ding ahi.Tam atung ah Zokuomthawn site a ZOUWAR chi a kigiel kasim na ah Zoulai ZLS te vaisai na nuai ah Munpoimo tah tah leh mipoimo zogal sat in pansah in aumsih.Tam zogal thu a ZLS te apilvang mama ding kisam hi.History kichi phuatawm thei ahisin tualeh mahni deidan a gelthei ahisih hi.Reference kichian apia nuam leh sanemla leh hansuang apat in asui thei ding,sannemla phuatawm zong azau huai ding hi.Khangsawnte khangthu dih ipiathei na din tua laigiel literature lunglut mite in thudih ma apeipi ding dei huai hi.

Zogal lai in galkap pawlten mipite genthei ding khual un,mipite subuai lou uh,khat in pangkhawm ua tuizum mangkang na kap khawm uhi.Tu in zong khangsawn ten itanchin te uh ahing gel chiang un eikhang a buai ding uhi,ei-le-ei ki kap in iki nangtua ua,iki sui tua uhi.Ei-le-ei melma et in iki en uhi.Kikhenna khat pou pou nampi adin ahoi sih ka gingtahi,tualeh Bible in kikhenna ahantawh[encourages] lam ka mu kha sih hi,tuasang in pankhawmna[unification]Bible ah ka mu tam zaw hi.Pu.Jamkholian lagel "pangkhawmlei hat ding hia,pangkhawmte khu gualzoute hi,kam mei bang in a am in;Gualzoute etlawm na e,zaitha hatlai aba ta e,koi in koi abel ta diei?"

For any comment or positive criticism the writer may be reach out hausien2006@yahoo.co.in ,

Zovakhu Notes:

I do not pretend to be a scholar nor do I claim that my statements are derived from facts acceptable to historians. I admit that my derived and all other Zou writers derived conclusion are an assumed truth, subject to further investigation by those enthusiasts of Zou history. I hope and pray that this work may be an incentive for the Zou= people to make more research and study, for which I should say my labour was not in vain.

The purpose of my article was to dig up the depth of the past and to identify the sacrifices make by different Zogal heroes. It looks as if we Zou people were without history, because our language was unwritten. All available source material available consists= of oral tradition, comparative traditional song study, observations made by the past scholars and at several points one account contradicts another. Collecting and correlating such material and using them to write a succinct and cohesive historical accounts on our people is indeed a very hard task.

There are various studies on different front like Behiang-Hiangtam, Tonjang, Gotengkot and Singngat Forth. And I uses all of them to draws my own conclusions which are quite sound. In oral tradition there are distortion. But I would not hesitate to recommend it to all interested reader on Zou people and our history .

-Hausienmuan Munluo.

Monday, March 8, 2010

Zoudawn innsung leh lailam et na:

for acknowledging the achievements, contributions and struggles of the women from all over the world.
Women are the real architects of society. - Harriet Beecher Stowe
By:Hausienmuan Munluo

I nua kumni peisa nua March tarik 8 ni in ka innveng te u inn a naupangte skul kuan hun in kava va hi.Atanu u Hoinu kum 11 mi skulkai nonlou[skul drop-out] in a nu kunga Nu,kei bang huna skul kai kia ding ka hiei? chin donghi.Anun`n bawi inei loutoh lai nasim thei a na gelthei leh ei adin hunta hi,nei hilei nabawn un skul ihing kaisah nuam hi chin dawnga, na u skul kai zouna dia hapan a ipang ngai ahi chi hi.Total literacy signature campaign Pu.moderator in ahing pat in tam 0Hoinute nuta hasietna toh kahing gel doh hi.Tamna thiltung pen hasiet huai kasah zia kahing gel hilou in,I zou minam zoudawn lam innsung dinmun leh naupangte hinkho zahdan tomkim a agen-a kamu zia ahi zawhi.I society ua adiah in zoudawnlam a numeite laisimna,pasal sang in kingaineu zawhi.Delhi zou sung et in numei sang in pasal koles kai tam zaw-a,tam in zoukhopi te a zong numei ngaineu na um ahi chi lung gel hing neisah hi.


Tam Hoinute innsung a, a u pasalpa skul kai in ama leh anaunu Kum 9 mi skul kai nonlou hi.Inn nasep le lounasep ah anu le apa kithua pi ua,a hinkhua u nichin in nasep ahiden hi.Tam Hoinu te unau in a..b…c… leh amau subject simthei ua anaunu in laibu dang simthei lou hi.Laisim thei bang nan uleh aloi akhan gual pha ngeilou ding uhiTam hoinute unau in apichin dongua a hinkho zah ding u nasep ahi.It is the lives lived by many of our childrens;no plays,no learning;and always vulnerability-to edonomic and sexual exploitation,to a general powerlessness,this poverty of choice,would run through these childrens adult lives-a fate they will share,in varying shades of darkness,with large number of zoudawn naupang`s.

Ngaitua tham chingkhat,tu a I mission skul te leh hattuam ten I minam abuaipidan et in,tam naupangte hinkhuo zahdan a he[changed] thei in a umna de aw?Tua leh theinuam huaikhat I zou migun[Pharisai]ten zounam khantou na ding[agu-a] aha gen na u numei leh naupang khan touna ding genkha lou in,abuaipi un, laisiem tampi te leh ZDV ten I nam damna ding agen uhi,hinanleh zoudawn naupang adiah in numeite hinkhua zahdan he lou in I nam in damna amu in akhangtou theina diai?I naupang mawlte hinkhua he lou in inam khangtou din kamusih hi.I society ua innsung leh pulam a numei te tuam bawlna a um hi.

Zoudawn lam numei le pasal skul kaidan et in ratio kikhe mama hi 3:10 chileng zong genkhial din kaki koisih hi.Khopi a zong kikim lou ding hi.Tam naupang Hoinu lungtup khu Doctor ahi[ka doh ahi] zoudawn innsung khosah dan ha mama leh laisim nonlou numei naupang gen hinanleh ka bil vut mama hi.Numei ten apoimo pasal toh dinmun kikim[Right to equality]chi Hoinu apat in ka thei thei hi.Laisimna,nahsuina,khotang hinkhua ah pasal leh numei dinmun kikim ding poimo chi zoudawn naupang in ahing hil hi.Tam Hoinu in ngenge hing nei ding a a et kol dingdan buai ding hi.Hoinu in bangchin atate mi apha sah zou diai?Education,economic,health lam ah mitmial in mitmial apuigal kai ding ka gingta sih hi.I nam damna din ken zou numeite mitva sah a,naupangte va pia poimo kasa hi.

Tu in zounupi tampi mitmial hi,Mothuai tah in numeite laisimna,nehsuina,khotang ah I ngaisah sih un innsung etkolna ah mawpuana lianpen ipe zel uhi.Tate etkolna ah genthei leh siemloutah in pilna siemna suina a ina ningkoi,ngaineu,I ngaisah lou numeite I zang zel uhi.Pu.moderator gen bang in zou pasalte numeite theilou a agu a khan tou sawm u adiei?Pilna toh kidaim I laisiem tamtah in numeite ki mu lou bawl in inam damna ding gen uhi loching lou ding uhi.1992 X-mass ni in ka tunnu hing thuhil khat losapna khu zawthei ahi[failure can be conquer]tuni tan in ka thei zing hi,tam kahing gen na pen nu in tate athu hil bang a taten aphat tuampi midang um lou hi.Ka nu in asanggam pasalte bang in lainasim leh tua khotang leh hattuam-a a mapuina tu sang in loching zo ding hi nuamsa zo ding hi.I nam damna din numeite suhhat-a Right to equality I society leh innsung a aumngai ding hi.

Tam numeite suh hanta[women empowerment] leh zoudawn naupang hinkho zahdan he[changed] na ding in koi in koi kumg a bang agen a bang a bawl ding e?Thilbawl ding hasa mama nanleh poimo a ka thei ei le ei iki notua ua[we must pressurizes each other] ei le ei I kipui[guide] ua,pilzawte leh siem zawten amawlzote na hing pui ua,Zoudawn naupang buaina,numeite buai na thei chian a buaipi tah tah poimo hi.Tua hileh inam damna ding leh I nampi lunsa pahlun kiana dia kalkhat malam suan ihi ding uhi.